The Buddha instructs that after his passing the ill-tempered Channa be subjected to the “brahmadaṇḍa” (the supreme penalty), which means that no one is to speak with him. Pali Canon
Different Accounts
Where this is said: the Chinese Fo bannihuan jing, Bannihuan jing and Mūlasarvāstivāda Vinaya, the Tibetan Vinaya and the Sanskrit Mahāparinirvāṇa Sūtra have it on the road to Kusinārā; the Pali canon of the Southern tradition, the Chinese Youxing jing and the Mahāparinirvāṇa Sūtra translated by Faxian beneath the twin trees.
More differences between accounts (2)
Whether the names in the various sources (Zhantan, Cheni, Chantuo, Chena and so on) refer to the same person can only be conjectured.
The Sanskrit Mahāparinirvāṇa Sūtra adds that if Channa feels remorse after the penalty, he should be instructed by the method taught by Kaccāna (a disciple of the Buddha); the Chinese versions do not have this here.
Dating
Year 45 after the Awakening, the Buddha aged seventy-nine to eighty, after the , on the day of the passing; the day is stated in the canonical text, and by the later commentaries of the Southern tradition it is the full moon of Vesākha; it can be fixed to the day.
Related Entries
- Year
- Places
- People
- Discourses
Research Notes: Reliability, Dating and Sources
- How Reliability Is Assessed
Recorded by five schools: the Pali canon of the Southern tradition, the Chinese Dīrgha Āgama, the Sanskrit Mahāparinirvāṇa Sūtra, the Chinese Fo bannihuan jing and Bannihuan jing and the Chinese three-fascicle Mahāparinirvāṇa Sūtra. Attested across multiple schools.
- Dating Evidence and Precision
Stated in the canonical text (the text itself gives the time). Time precision: fixed to the day.
Sources
- 藏譯（德格版）德格版 D6 da 261a7–261b4
- 梵文原典梵文《大般涅槃經》（Waldschmidt）§29.13–29.15
- 藏譯（德格版）德格版 D6 da 261b2–261b3
- 梵文原典梵文《大般涅槃經》§29.13–29.15
- Pali Canon巴利 DN 16:6.4.1–6.4.4
- 大正藏大正藏 T01 no.1 p.26a
- 大正藏大正藏 T01 no.5 p.168c
- 大正藏大正藏 T01 no.6 p.184b
- 大正藏大正藏 T01 no.7 p.204c
- 大正藏大正藏 T24 no.1451 p.391c
- 大正藏大正藏 T02 no.125 p.751c
- 巴利註解書巴利註釋 Ap-a，§82