According to the table of rains retreats in the later commentaries, the Buddha's 13th is on Mount Cāliya. The commentaries of the Southern tradition explain that Mount Cāliya is near the city of Cālikā, an entirely white hill with a great monastery built on it, and that the nearby village of Jantugāma was the village for alms. The table records only the place, not what happened during this retreat.
Different Accounts
There are three views on the place of the retreat: Mount Cāliya (the later commentaries of the Southern tradition); the Pishajialuo grove (another commentary on the Vinaya of the Southern tradition); the realm of spirits (the Chinese Sengqieluocha suoji jing). Taishō Canon
More differences between accounts (2)
The later commentaries say the Buddha also kept the rains retreat on Mount Cāliya in Years 18 and 19.
The attendant Meghiya's wish to go alone to meditate in a mango grove also took place near Mount Cāliya, and this year is one of its possible years; see “Events of uncertain year”.
Dating
Year 13 after the Awakening, the Buddha aged forty-seven, during the rains retreat; the year is given by the later commentaries, and only the year is known.
Related Entries
- Year
- Places
- People
- Discourses
Research Notes: Reliability, Dating and Sources
- How Reliability Is Assessed
Not recorded in the early sutras and Vinayas of any school; found only in the commentaries or later Buddha biographies. Later addition.
- Dating Evidence and Precision
Commentarial dating (the canonical texts give no date; later commentaries record it). Time precision: year only.
Sources
- 巴利註解書巴利註釋 AN-a，§37，PTS 2.125
- 巴利註解書巴利註釋 Bv-a，序分
- 巴利註解書巴利註釋 Bv-a
- 巴利註解書巴利註釋 AN-a，§3，PTS 4.165
- 巴利註解書巴利註釋 Ud-a，§31，PTS 0.217
- 巴利註解書巴利註釋 《Vajirabuddhi》，§23，VRI 0.61、緬甸版 0.67
- 大正藏大正藏 T04 no.194 p.144b
- 巴利註解書巴利註釋 AN-a，§37
- 巴利註解書巴利註釋 《Vajirabuddhi》，§23