After the tenth ends, the Buddha leaves the Pārileyyaka forest and goes to the Jetavana at Sāvatthī (Jeta's Grove, Anāthapiṇḍika's Park, outside Sāvatthī). The Vinaya texts of every major school record that the Buddha came to Sāvatthī after leaving the Kosambī area, but the routes they give are not entirely the same.
Different Accounts
The later commentaries of the record that Anāthapiṇḍika of Sāvatthī (the wealthy merchant who built Jeta's Grove, Anāthapiṇḍika's Park), the lay woman Visākhā (who built Migāramātā's Mansion in the Eastern Park) and others asked Ānanda to invite the Buddha back, and Ānanda came to the forest with five hundred monks; the elephant that had been attending the Buddha in the forest at first barred the way with a stick, but the Buddha restrained him, and said to the assembly, “If you find a good companion, live together; if not, practise alone”, speaking the three found in the Dhammapada.
More differences between accounts (2)
The Chinese Dharmaguptaka Vinaya says the Buddha returned directly from Kosambī to Sāvatthī by supernormal power; the Chinese Sarvāstivāda Vinaya says the Buddha wandered all the way to Sāvatthī; neither passes through the Pārileyyaka forest. Source text
Another passage in the later commentaries of the Southern tradition says the Buddha did not return to Kosambī but went straight to Sāvatthī.
Dating
Year 11 after the Awakening, the Buddha aged forty-five, before the rains retreat (after the end of the tenth retreat); inferred from the sequence of events, the year is uncertain.
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Research Notes: Reliability, Dating and Sources
- How Reliability Is Assessed
Recorded by two schools, the Pali canon of the Southern tradition and the Chinese Mahīśāsaka Vinaya (Wufen lü). Recorded by two schools.
- Dating Evidence and Precision
Inferred from the sequence of events (neither the canonical texts nor the commentaries give the time; the year is worked out from the order of this event and those around it). Time precision: year uncertain.
Sources
- 巴利三藏巴利律 Kd 10:5.1.1–5.1.3
- 巴利註解書巴利註釋 Dhp-a
- 巴利註解書巴利註釋 Ja-a，§19
- 大正藏大正藏 T22 no.1421 p.160b
- 大正藏大正藏 T23 no.1435 p.215c
- 大正藏大正藏 T22 no.1428 p.882c
- 巴利註解書巴利註釋 Dhp-a，§5
- 巴利註解書巴利註釋 Dhp-a，§327