Hand-drawn Buddha symbol and buddha chronicle wordmark
Based on the sutras, the Vinaya and later commentaries
About the Sources

Discourses and rules set at Āḷavī

Reliability undetermined

A group of discourses and rules are set at but give no year; since in the table of rains retreats of the Southern tradition the Buddha kept the retreat at Āḷavī only this once, they are listed as events that may belong to this year. The discourses include: on a cold winter night the Buddha sleeps on a mat of fallen leaves in a wood beside a cattle track, and comes to ask after him, and the Buddha says he has slept well; the Buddha speaks of the seven good qualities Hatthaka the householder possesses and the four means by which he holds his following together; and several discourses of at Āḷavī. The rules include not soliciting the building of a hut for oneself, not digging the ground, not cutting plants, and not using water containing living creatures.

Different Accounts

The two discourses of Vaṅgīsa in the Saṃyutta Nikāya of the Southern tradition are at Āḷavī, while the corresponding Chinese Saṃyukta Āgama and Bieyi za ahan jing set them at the at .

More differences between accounts (1)

The Chinese Vinayas render Āḷavī differently: the City of the Wilderness, the town of Atuopi, the country of Āḷavī, and so on.

Dating

Year 16 after the Awakening (one of the possible years), the Buddha aged fifty; inferred from the rains-retreat location, as none of the original texts gives a year, so the year is uncertain.

Related Entries

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People
Discourses
Research Notes: Reliability, Dating and Sources
How Reliability Is Assessed

The sources for this event have not yet been fully compared; its reliability is not yet graded.

Dating Evidence and Precision

Inferred from the rains-retreat location (inferred from the place of this year's ). Time precision: year uncertain.

Sources

Back to Year 16 after the Awakening · The Buddha at 50

Source text

日期怎麼讀

成道第幾年
從佛陀成道開始,每經過一次雨季安居算一年,每一年算到安居結束為止;所有年歲一律依二十九歲出家、三十五歲成道推算。
年份依據
區分經文自己明記、後世註解書記載、先後順序推定及年歲換算。
時間精確度
分別說明確定到日、月、年,或只能放入某幾年之間。
可信度
多派共傳、兩派記載、單派記載與後世補述,表達記載的共傳範圍;與時間及位置是否確定分開閱讀。