The fourth of the forbids a monastic from falsely claiming to have attained superhuman realization or powers. The sub-commentary on the Vinaya commentary of the Southern tradition says this rule was laid down only after the twentieth year after the Awakening. It also answers a question: Moggallāna had attained realization in the first year, yet this rule was laid down only after the twentieth year, so why does the Vinaya contain the Buddha's ruling that Moggallāna had not broken it? The answer is that even before the rule was laid down, monastics had raised criticisms, and the Buddha therefore gave his explanation.
Different Accounts
The Chinese Mahāsāṃghika Vinaya says this rule was laid down at Sāvatthī, on “the thirteenth day of the fourth half-month of winter in the sixth year after the Awakening”. Taishō Canon
Dating
After Year 21 after the Awakening (the Buddha aged fifty-five or more). This timing is found only in the later sub-commentary on the commentary, which says only “after the twentieth year” with no definite year; the Chinese Mahāsāṃghika Vinaya's account of Year 6 after the Awakening is very far from it.
Related Entries
- Year
- Places
- People
- Discourses
Research Notes: Reliability, Dating and Sources
- How Reliability Is Assessed
Not recorded in the early sutras and Vinayas of any school; found only in the commentaries or later Buddha biographies. Later addition.
- Dating Evidence and Precision
Commentarial dating (the canonical texts give no date; later commentaries record it). Time precision: year uncertain.
Sources
- 巴利註解書巴利註釋 Vin-ṭ,Sāratthadīpanī,§232
- 大正藏大正藏 T22 no.1425 p.262a
- 巴利註解書巴利註釋 Vin-ṭ,§232