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Based on the sutras, the Vinaya and later commentaries
About the Sources

The Buddha keeps the ninth rains retreat at Kosambī

Later addition

The in the later commentaries records that the Buddha kept his ninth at , without saying in which park he stayed. The commentaries of the further say that Kosambī had three monasteries, , Kukkuṭa's park and Pāvārika's park, each built by a different householder, but none of this is dated.

Different Accounts

Place: the later commentaries and the Chinese Sengqieluocha suoji jing have Kosambī; the Chinese Shi'er you jing has the Foul Marsh (or Foul Marsh Mountain).

More differences between accounts (1)

The Chinese texts render Kosambī by different names, among them Jushemi, Jushanmi, Jushemi (with different characters) and Jushen. Modern compilations mostly say the Buddha stayed in Ghosita's Park this time, but the original texts say only “at Kosambī”.

Dating

Year 9 after the Awakening, the Buddha aged forty-three, during the rains retreat; the place is given by the later commentaries, and only the year is known.

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Research Notes: Reliability, Dating and Sources
How Reliability Is Assessed

Not recorded in the early sutras and Vinayas of any school; found only in the commentaries or later Buddha biographies. Later addition.

Dating Evidence and Precision

Commentarial dating (the canonical texts give no date; later commentaries record it). Time precision: year only.

Sources

  • 巴利註解書巴利註釋 AN-a
  • 巴利註解書巴利註釋 Bv-a
  • 巴利註解書巴利註釋 Vajirabuddhi
  • 大正藏大正藏 T04 no.194 p.144b
  • 巴利註解書巴利註釋 MN-a
  • 巴利註解書巴利註釋 Dhp-a,§20,PTS 1.207–208
Back to Year 9 after the Awakening · The Buddha at 43

Source text

日期怎麼讀

成道第幾年
從佛陀成道開始,每經過一次雨季安居算一年,每一年算到安居結束為止;所有年歲一律依二十九歲出家、三十五歲成道推算。
年份依據
區分經文自己明記、後世註解書記載、先後順序推定及年歲換算。
時間精確度
分別說明確定到日、月、年,或只能放入某幾年之間。
可信度
多派共傳、兩派記載、單派記載與後世補述,表達記載的共傳範圍;與時間及位置是否確定分開閱讀。