Hand-drawn Buddha symbol and buddha chronicle wordmark
Based on the sutras, the Vinaya and later commentaries
About the Sources

Yasa goes forth, and his father takes full refuge

Attested across multiple schools

, the son of a wealthy family of , wakes in the night and sees the sleeping women musicians and dancers sprawled in disarray, like a charnel ground (a burial ground where corpses are left). Filled with disgust, he leaves the house crying “Oh, what distress!”. The Buddha, walking slowly back and forth in the open, calls to him, “Here there is no distress”, and teaches him; Yasa attains the . comes after him; the Buddha first makes the son invisible to him, then teaches him; the father attains the first fruit and in the Buddha, the Dhamma and the Sangha, becoming the first male in the world to take full refuge in the Three Jewels (the Buddha, the Dhamma and the Sangha). Listening beside them, Yasa attains at the same time and then goes forth; there are now seven arahants in the world.

Different Accounts

Name: the Chinese Dharmaguptaka Vinaya has Yeshujia; the Buddha biography Fo benxing ji jing has Yeshutuo; the Zhong benqi jing has Baocheng (a translated form of the name) and says he was twenty-four at the time; the Buddhacarita says he was from the city of Jiushi.

More differences between accounts (3)

Order of realization: the Chinese Mūlasarvāstivāda Vinaya says Yasa first took refuge in the Three Jewels and took the five precepts, becoming a male lay disciple, and attained arahantship while still wearing lay clothes, so that in this Vinaya the title of “first male lay disciple to take full refuge” has no clear holder; the Buddha biography Guoqu xianzai yinguo jing says the father came only after Yasa had attained arahantship and gone forth.

The Tibetan Vinaya has no text here about the father taking refuge.

The Chinese Mahāsāṃghika Vinaya has a different person, “Yasa the son of Kalanda” of , who is not this Yasa.

Dating

Year 1 after the Awakening, the Buddha aged thirty-five, during the , after the five attained realization; the later commentaries say Yasa attained the first fruit that night and arahantship the next day, with the rest inferred from the sequence of events; on the commentaries' account it can be fixed to two consecutive days.

Related Entries

Year
Places
People
Discourses
Research Notes: Reliability, Dating and Sources
How Reliability Is Assessed

Recorded by four schools: the Pali canon of the Southern tradition, the Chinese Dharmaguptaka Vinaya (Sifen lü), the Chinese Mahīśāsaka Vinaya (Wufen lü) and the Chinese Saṅghabhedavastu of the Mūlasarvāstivāda Vinaya. Attested across multiple schools.

Dating Evidence and Precision

Commentarial dating (the canonical texts give no date; later commentaries record it); inferred from the sequence of events (neither the canonical texts nor the commentaries give the time; the year is worked out from the order of this event and those around it). Time precision: fixed to the day.

Sources

Back to Year 1 after the Awakening · The Buddha at 35

Source text

日期怎麼讀

成道第幾年
從佛陀成道開始,每經過一次雨季安居算一年,每一年算到安居結束為止;所有年歲一律依二十九歲出家、三十五歲成道推算。
年份依據
區分經文自己明記、後世註解書記載、先後順序推定及年歲換算。
時間精確度
分別說明確定到日、月、年,或只能放入某幾年之間。
可信度
多派共傳、兩派記載、單派記載與後世補述,表達記載的共傳範圍;與時間及位置是否確定分開閱讀。