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Based on the sutras, the Vinaya and later commentaries
About the Sources

The Buddha teaches the verses on “One Fortunate Night” in the Heaven of the Thirty-three

Recorded by two schools

Majjhima Nikāya 134 of the Southern tradition records that the god Candana told the Lomasakaṅgiya, who was staying at , that the Buddha had once taught the gods the verses on “One Fortunate Night” (verses urging one to seize the present moment) on a stone seat beneath a tree in the Heaven of the Thirty-three; Lomasakaṅgiya went to to ask the Buddha, who taught him the verses and their explanation. The later commentaries of the Southern tradition say that while teaching the Abhidhamma in the Heaven of the Thirty-three, the Buddha interposed these verses for gods who could not follow; the god Candana learned the verses but forgot the explanation.

Different Accounts

The place where the verses were originally taught: Majjhima Nikāya 134 of the Southern tradition has the Heaven of the Thirty-three; the Shizhong chanshi zun jing in the Chinese Madhyama Āgama has the Bamboo Grove at .

Dating

Year 7 after the Awakening, the Buddha aged forty-one, during the ; the year is given by the later commentaries, and only the year is known.

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Research Notes: Reliability, Dating and Sources
How Reliability Is Assessed

Recorded by two schools, the Pali canon of the Southern tradition and the Chinese Madhyama Āgama. Recorded by two schools.

Dating Evidence and Precision

Commentarial dating (the canonical texts give no date; later commentaries record it). Time precision: year only.

Sources

Back to Year 7 after the Awakening · The Buddha at 41

Source text

日期怎麼讀

成道第幾年
從佛陀成道開始,每經過一次雨季安居算一年,每一年算到安居結束為止;所有年歲一律依二十九歲出家、三十五歲成道推算。
年份依據
區分經文自己明記、後世註解書記載、先後順序推定及年歲換算。
時間精確度
分別說明確定到日、月、年,或只能放入某幾年之間。
可信度
多派共傳、兩派記載、單派記載與後世補述,表達記載的共傳範圍;與時間及位置是否確定分開閱讀。